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- SpeedBak User's Manual
-
- Revision A
- January 4, 1992
- Copyright (C) 1992 MICROTOOLS
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- 1 SpeedBak Introduction
-
- Welcome to SpeedBak. SpeedBak is a powerful, safe yet
- simple means of restoring the speed you once had on your
- hard drive. Files stored on your disks can be scattered
- (fragmented) all over your drive. When you want to use
- them, the disk drive must jump all over the disk to retrieve
- the necessary data. SpeedBak performs three basic
- functions:
-
- 1. Files that are fragmented are merged into one
- contiguous set of data on your disk to speed up disk
- access.
- 2. All space between files is removed to minimize your
- need to run SpeedBak as frequently. Some programs
- give you the option to only defragment your files.
- Although this will cause the defragmenter to run
- quickly, it is generally pretty useless.
- 3. Removes unused directory entries.
-
- With these files defragmented and all of the free space on
- your disk in one place, your hard drive will have the speed
- you once knew back.
-
- SpeedBak is the fastest defragmenter in the known world. We
- have tested it against all of the major commercial
- competitors using large drives and repeatable random
- fragmentation.
-
- 2 Installing SpeedBak
-
- SpeedBak is installed by either copying the necessary files
- to the desired directory or by typing A:INSTALL. The
- INSTALL batch file will copy the programs to \SPEEDBAK.
-
- 3 Invoking SpeedBak
-
- SpeedBak can be invoked from the command line as follows
- (assuming it is in your path):
-
- C:>SPEEDBAK [switches] [drive]
-
- where the optional switches are:
- /C for allowing you to zero unused data. Use
- this if you are paranoid about your data.
-
- where [drive] is the optional drive specification
- (including the colon). If no drive is specified,
- the default drive is defragmented.
-
- SpeedBak should be run with all TSR's removed and all
- network drivers removed. This is for your safety and the
- safety of your data. The TSR world is a jungle and who
- knows what they can do. Even the most benign might be
- lurking in the background just waiting to snag your data.
-
- In addition, SpeedBak should not be run from a multi-tasking
- environment like DesqView or Windows. SpeedBak detects some
- of these environments, but SpeedBak must be the only thing
- running while defragmenting your disk.
-
- 4 Using SpeedBak
-
- All operation options are self-explanatory. Options may be
- chosen by selecting the highlighted hot key or selecting
- with the left mouse button.
-
- Once started, SpeedBak can be aborted with the <Esc> key or
- the right mouse button.
-
- When SpeedBak starts, it analyzes the drive specified (or
- the default drive) to determine a number of statistics for
- the drive. The following definitions are applicable to the
- statistics screen:
-
- Fragmented files - These are files whose contents do not
- occupy contiguous data blocks (sectors) on the disk.
-
- Non-fragmented files - These are files whose contents are
- contiguous.
-
- Directories - These are the special files that are used
- to organize your disk into manageable sections.
-
- Used Clusters - A cluster is the minimum sized data block
- used by DOS to manage files. These clusters are managed
- in the File Allocation Table (FAT). A used cluster is
- one that has been allocated by one and only one file.
-
- Largest Directory - This number indicates how many
- clusters the largest directory uses.
-
- Free Clusters - A free cluster is data block that has not
- been allocated by a file.
-
- File Fragments - This number indicates how extra
- fragments are on the disk. For example, if there was
- only one fragmented file and it was divided into two
- fragments, the number of file fragments would be one (not
- two since every file has at least one "fragment").
-
- Unmovable files - SpeedBak moves many files in the course
- of defragmenting your disk. Certain files are not moved
- due to a variety of technical reasons. Certain copy
- protection schemes have forced programs like SpeedBak to
- not move these files. See section 5 for further details
- as to which files are not movable. Since these files are
- not moved, they can cause a certain amount of
- fragmentation on your disk.
-
- Bad Clusters - When a disk is formatted, the formatting
- program marks certain data blocks (clusters) as bad or
- not usable. These data blocks are not used by DOS and
- will not be used by SpeedBak.
-
- Directory Clusters - This number indicates the number of
- clusters used by all of the directories.
-
- Largest File - This number indicates the number of
- clusters used by the largest file.
-
- Blocks of free clusters - This number indicates how many
- contiguous blocks of free clusters exist.
-
- When defragmenting a hard drive, you will be forced to re-
- boot! Some programs do not force this at the risk of your
- hard drive! There are too many times that users do not heed
- the warning to remove network drives and TSR's to not do
- this. When defragments a floppy drive, you will be given
- the option.
-
-
- 5 Technical Details
-
- SpeedBak has chosen what we have determined as the optimum
- method of placing the files on your hard disk. SpeedBak
- will place all of your directories at the front of the disk
- (closest to the FAT). After that, all files are placed in a
- best fit algorithm.
-
- Certain files are not moved by SpeedBak because of copy
- protection algorithms used by other vendors. The following
- files are not moved:
-
- All system and hidden files as well as:
-
- DCONFIG.SYS MIO.SYS
- IBMBIO.COM MSDOS.SYS
- IBMDOS.COM SSTORDRV.SYS
- INSTALL.EXE TBIOS.SYS
- IO.BIN TDOS.SYS
- IO.SYS
-
- 6 Errors
-
- Under a variety of circumstances, SpeedBak may report
- errors.
-
- As mentioned, previously, if SpeedBak detects a multi-
- tasking environment, it will print out one of the following
- errors where XYZ is the multi-tasking environment:
-
- XYZ is active. SpeedBak should be run from DOS with all
- TSRs and multitasking programs removed from memory.
- Please remove XYZ from memory.
-
- Every program has it's limits. SpeedBak has certain limits
- around which it is designed. It is designed to only handle
- a certain number of files, directories, requires a certain
- amount of memory and requires a small amount of disk space.
- If any of the following occur, and you are a registered
- user, please call technical support to discuss the
- possibility of increasing these design limitations:
-
- Cannot handle more than 16384 files
- Cannot handle more than 600 directories
- Must have at least 8192 free bytes on disk
- Must have at least 4 clusters free on disk
- Out of memory
-
- There are certain hardware errors that should never occur
- unless your machine is ill. The following are indicative of
- a serious hardware problem on your machine:
-
- Read error
- Write error, disk may be write protected.
-
-
- If SpeedBak detects a file structure problem on your disk,
- it uses CHKDSK to correct it. SpeedBak must be able to find
- it. If it cannot, you will get the following message:
-
- Unable to start chkdsk, Please run chkdsk/f on drive
-
- Lastly, there are those errors that seem like they are the
- user's fault. But since the customer is always right, we
- report it as an error. It is difficult to defragment a disk
- that has no files on it.
-
- No files on disk
-